Self-interest, Altruism, Egoism, Reciprocity, and Risk-Sharing in Digital Social Networks

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / June 15, 2025 / Behavioral Economics, Business Administration, Economic Policy, Globalization, Leadership and Management, Microeconomics, Social Life, Sustainability

Self-interest, Altruism, Egoism, Reciprocity, and Risk-Sharing in Digital Social Networks Read Post »

Digital social networks, such as LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter), and TikTok, have transformed the ways individuals, firms, and governments interact, cooperate, and compete in society. This article examines the behavioral foundations and institutional conditions of self-interest, altruism, egoism, reciprocity, and risk-sharing in digital social networks through an interdisciplinary framework that integrates economics, sociology, psychology, political theory, and cultural studies.

Altruism, Behavioral Reciprocity, Borrowing Constraints, Communication Density, Competition, Content Moderation, Cooperation, Crime Economics, Democracy, deterrence, Digital Governance, Digital Platform Management, Digital Risk-sharing, Digital Social Networks, Digital Sociology, Directed Altruism, Dynamic Contracts, Egoism, Enforced Reciprocity, Enforcement Costs, Expected Utility, Externalities, Fairness, Financial Inclusion, Hybrid Institutions, Informal Insurance Networks, Institutional Design, Justice, Law and Economics, Limited Commitment, Mobile Money Systems, Moral Psychology, Negotiated Exchange, Network Clustering, Network Observability, Platform Behavior, Punishment Severity, Rational Choice, Reciprocal Exchange, reciprocity, Risk Sharing, Risk-averse Behavior, Self-Interest, Social Conflict, Social Costs, social interaction, social norms, Social Proximity, Strategic Reciprocity, Transaction Cost Economics, Trust-building, Utility Maximization, Voluntary risk-taking

Democracy and the 22nd Amendment

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / April 1, 2025 / Leadership and Management, Behavioral Economics, Economic Policy, Macroeconomics, Microeconomics, Public Policy

Democracy and the 22nd Amendment Read Post »

Democracy and the 22nd Amendment explores the profound constitutional, political, and moral crisis facing the United States as democratic norms are threatened by executive overreach, institutional complicity, and the normalization of authoritarianism. Through a detailed analysis of President Donald Trump’s open defiance of the 22nd Amendment, this article examines how the erosion of term limits signals a broader breakdown in the rule of law, accountability, and institutional integrity.

22nd Amendment, authoritarianism, constitutional limits, Constitutionalism, Democracy, institutional breakdown, institutional resilience, intergenerational justice, legal manipulation, marginalized communities, political culture, social contract, term limits, Trumpism

The Role of Government in Society

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / March 27, 2025 / Foundations of Economics, Economic Policy, Globalization, International Economics, Macroeconomics, Markets, Microeconomics, Public Policy

The Role of Government in Society Read Post »

Governments play a pivotal role in shaping and sustaining society’s structure. Their influence extends across numerous dimensions, from the economy and lawmaking to public service provision and international relations. This article explores the multifaceted role of government in modern society, emphasizing its responsibility for maintaining social order, protecting individual rights, and fostering economic growth. At the heart of effective governance are democratic principles, the rule of law, and a commitment to social justice.

Accountability in Government, Bureaucratic Inefficiency, Civil Liberties, Constitutionalism, Consumer Protection, Corruption, Democracy, Economic Regulation, Economic Stability, Economics, Ethical Governance, Executive, Fiscal Policy, Global Cooperation, Globalization, Governance, Government, Government Overreach, Human Rights, international trade, Judiciary, Legislature, Market Regulation, Monetary Policy, Participatory Democracy, Personal Liberties, Political Economy, Public Goods, Public Policy, Public Services, Public Trust, Public-Private Partnerships, Redistribution of Wealth, Rogue Government, Rule of Law, Social Justice, social norms, Social Trust, Social welfare, Sustainable Development, Transparency in Government

Principles of Democracy

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / November 9, 2024 / Economic Policy, Behavioral Economics, Economics, Public Policy

Principles of Democracy Read Post »

Let us continue building resilient democracies. To achieve that, we must delve into the ten principles of democracy and learn how to implement democracy at the global level. This article continues our first article on democracy and autocracy.

Accountability, Civic Participation, Democracy, Equality, Free and Fair Elections, Freedom of Expression, Global Implementation, Globalization, Human Rights, Majority Rule, Minority Rights, Pluralism, Rule of Law, Separation of Powers, Tolerance, Transparency

Crucial Role of German Society in a Democracy

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / February 3, 2024 / Economic Policy, Behavioral Economics, Diversity, Economics, Leadership and Management, Public Policy

Crucial Role of German Society in a Democracy Read Post »

This article discusses the role of German society in a democracy, examining the challenges facing democratic institutions due to populistic, anti-global, and anti-democratic behavior. The success of a democracy depends on the informed and active participation of its citizens. The German Federal Constitution declares Germany a democratic and social federal state, with German citizens having exclusive power to elect and vote for their leaders. The constitutional order binds law and justice, and the German society has the right to defend its constitutional order against those seeking to abolish fundamental rights. The article also highlights the need for the vigilant role of members of society, including the migrant community, in a democratic society.

Accountability, Citizen Participation, Contitutional Order, Critical Strategic Thinking, Democracy, Democratic Institutions, Economics, European Union, German Federal Constitution, German Society, Migration, Oversight, Populism, Public Policy, social interaction

Democracy and Autocracy

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / May 30, 2023 / Economic Policy, Behavioral Economics, Economics, Public Policy

Democracy and Autocracy Read Post »

This article compares democracy and autocracy, two forms of governance with contrasting ideologies and implications. Democracy, a system of government where power is distributed among the people, values citizen participation, representation, and safeguards individual rights and freedoms. Conversely, an autocracy concentrates power within a single ruler or a small group and often suppresses political participation and individual rights. Each system has unique strengths and weaknesses relating to decision-making processes, power distribution, political participation, and the protection of rights and freedoms.

Autocracy, decision-making process, Democracy, Economics, Governance, Human Rights, Institutions, Political Science, Social order, Systems of Governance

What has happened to American Democracy?

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / January 7, 2021 / Public Policy, Behavioral Economics, Economic Policy, Economics, Globalization, International Economics

What has happened to American Democracy? Read Post »

A nation built on the foundation of democracy should not experience such chaos. However, what the world has had to watch is unprecedented. What has subsequently happened to American democracy, and how deep has it fallen? The world should consequently stop only watching. It is time to help Americans regain insight into the democratic rule of law. What happened to the rule of law, constitutionalism, the peaceful transition of power, …, etc? In the current scenario of American Democracy in The United States of America (USA), the global community should undoubtedly be astonished, if not disappointed, about how the constitutional

American Democracy, American Dream, Constitution, Democracy, policy, Political Environment, Rule of Law

Democracy in Modernity

By James E Njoroge, M. Sc. (VWL) - Economic Coach, Consultant and Lecturer / October 8, 2019 / Economic Blog, Economic Consultancy, Foundations of Economics, Globalization

Democracy in Modernity Read Post »

How modern is democracy?
Is the modern global society the Democracy we want and the World in which the future generations would like be born into? The current society needs to familiarize itself with the principles of democracy, amidst the current trend in society to neglect the willingness to diplomatic cooperative and constructive dialogue between different views and ideologies.

Democracy, Diplomacy, Economy, English, future Generation, generational Justice, Globalization, liberty, morality, opportunity costs, Peace, Political Environment, sustainable society

Principles of Democracy

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