Foundations of Economics

Explore the Foundations of Economics, where fundamental principles explain how individuals, businesses, and governments make choices in a world of scarce resources. Our content introduces core concepts like supply and demand, opportunity cost, market structures, and economic systems, providing a solid base for understanding both microeconomics and macroeconomics. Ideal for students, beginners, and anyone interested in the basics of economic thought, our articles break down complex ideas into accessible, practical insights. Dive into the essentials that underpin economic theory and gain a clearer understanding of the forces that shape everyday economic decisions.

Demand in Economics

Demand in Economics Read Post »

Demand in economics refers to the quantity of a good that consumers wish to consume under certain conditions. Price levels, income, consumer preferences, and market structures influence it. Economics students must understand the nature of individual household demand and aggregate market demand and its implications in various market situations such as monopsony, oligopoly, and perfect competition. Price and income elasticity, optimality conditions, and social interactions are crucial in shaping demand.

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Production Technology in Economics

Production Technology in Economics Read Post »

Production technology in economics refers to the sum of all knowledge and capabilities of the society to combine scarce resources to produce final goods for consumption. This concept covers all industrial processes and exchanges within the value chain. The production function is the mathematical interpretation of production technology. Important concepts include the return to scale, the marginal product of inputs, and the change of marginal productivity. These concepts are also applied at both microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. The understanding of production technology requires some mathematical background.

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Rational Decision under Uncertainty

Rational Decision under Uncertainty Read Post »

How would an individual make a rational decision under uncertainty? This article explains how economists characterize decision-making under uncertainty. Economic models always focus first on decisions under certainty and then introduce uncertainty later in the learning process. The focal point here is how this affects the rationality of agents’ decisions to use scarce resources. 1. Introduction to Rational Decision under Uncertainty We are all faced with daily situations where we have to make decisions that will lead to different outcomes immediately or later. Such decisions occur under uncertainty of results. Economic theory explains this problem in the models of decision-making

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Scarce Resources in Economics

Scarce Resources in Economics Read Post »

What are the scarce resources in economics, and why should society understand what they are? In your economics class, students should clearly understand the concept of scarcity and how it relates to economics. All the students want to know is why labor, capital, natural resources, human capital, and all other forms are scarce in all economies or the world. Time is also a scarce resource captured by labor, natural resources, wealth, and human capital investments. 1. What are Scarce Resources in Economics? So what is the meaning of scarce resources? Scarce resources in Economics are all kinds of inputs of production processes needed by

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Motives of Money Demand and Supply

Motives of Money Demand and Supply Read Post »

What are the motives of money demand and supply? Most of us participate daily in the money market as demand or even as suppliers without perceiving it. So why do we hold or withdraw money? Let us dig deep into the questions surrounding the functions of money and the motives of money demand in this article. Let us start by defining what money is. What is Money and its Funktions? Whoever wants to understand what money is should first look at the functions of money. Much of macroeconomic literature explains the money functions using three phrases: Learn how to describe

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Synergy between Health and Economics: Oil-Price-Crash or Corona-Crash

Synergy between Health and Economics: Oil-Price-Crash or Corona-Crash Read Post »

Health shocks can also cause economic shocks (ceteris-paribus). The coronavirus pandemic is one of the health shocks that might unravel another global economic shock. Why is that the case? Fact number one, health is a basic human need. Consequently, the satisfaction the health needs requires human decision-making in all economies. Decision-makers face the challenge of managing the synergies between health and economics amid a health shock. How is the Scenario?

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Understanding Macroeconomic Policy Objectives: Magic Square and Hexagon Explained

Understanding Macroeconomic Policy Objectives: Magic Square and Hexagon Explained Read Post »

Six macroeconomic policy objectives exist in an economy that are systematically pursued. These six objectives are symbolized by the magic square and the magic hexagon frameworks, which encapsulate the national economy’s four quantitative and two qualitative goals. The overarching intention of these economic policy measures is to optimize the overall societal and economic welfare of the economy. This framework categorizes and prioritizes the diverse economic policy goals and measures essential for achieving a balanced and prosperous economy. Much of macroeconomic analysis focuses on the four quantitative goals, but the analysis of qualitative macroeconomic objectives has gained momentum as climate change

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What is Econometrics?

What is Econometrics? Read Post »

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The Bridge between Leadership and Management

The Bridge between Leadership and Management Read Post »

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